Protecting Yourself

Home Safety

Common Causes of House fires

Fire Survival Rules

General Housekeeping for Fire Safety

In Case of Fire

Smoke Alarms

 

House Fires

House fires happen everyday. The biggest tragedy is that the majority of house fires are preventable.

 

Common Causes of House fires

Kitchen Stoves

  • Never leave the stove unattended.

  • Check that electric cords, curtains, tea towels and oven cloths are at a safe distance from the stove top.

  • Be careful of long flowing sleeves contacting gas flames.

 

Electric Blankets

  • Do not sleep with electric blankets on or leave the house without switching them off.
  • Never leave weighty objects on the bed when the electric blanket is on.
  • Have your blanket checked by an authorised repairer if you suspect overheating.
  • Always follow manufacturer’s instructions for care and storage.
  • Inspect each blanket for wear and tear at the beginning of the cooler months.

 

Faulty Wiring

  • Always use a qualified electrician.

  • Double adaptors and power-boards can overload power points.

  • Install safety switches and correct fuses.

 

Smoking in Bed

  • Smoking in bed can be fatal – tiny embers can smoulder unnoticed and burst into flame much later.

 

Lighting

  • Check light fittings for heat build up.
  • Discard lampshades that are close to light globes & lamp bases that can be knocked over easily.
  • Ensure recessed downlights are properly insulated from wood panelling or ceiling timbers.

 

Flammable Liquids

  • Store all flammable liquids such as petrol, kerosene, methylated spirits away from heat.
  • Always check the label before use and storage.
  • Use extreme care when pouring.

 

Clothes Dryers

  • Always clean lint filters after each load.
  • Avoid drying bras in your dryer as the underwire can get caught and start a fire.

 

Candles

  • Never leave burning candles unattended. Do not sleep with a burning candle.
  • Make sure curtains and other flammable items are well away from burning candles.

 

Home Heating

  • Make sure all appliances are professionally installed.
  • Check that walls and floors are insulated from heat sources.
  • Be careful where you place portable appliances.
  • Never leave an open fire alight when you leave the house or go to bed.
  • Place a mesh guard in front of open fires.
  • Have your chimney and flue cleaned annually.
  • Never leave children unattended near fires and heaters.
  • Clothing should not be dried close to heaters or fires.

 

Children

  • Warn all children about playing with fire.
  • Keep all matches, lighters and candles out of reach of small children.
  • Teach young children to bring matches or lighters they find to an adult immediately
  • Teach older children that matches are a tool to be used in the presence of adults
  • Brief your babysitter on your fire plan – make sure they know all exits and emergency telephone numbers. Make sure the babysitter understands fire survival techniques

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Fire Survival Rules

Have a plan

  • Conduct fire drills with the whole family.
  • Agree on a place to meet outside.

 

If Fire Strikes

  • Get everybody out of the house.
  • Meet at the designated place.
  • Call the Fire Service on 000.
  • Do not go back inside.
  • If fire is small and localised, extinguish the fire if it is safe to do so
  • Keep wallets and handbags easily accessible

 

Stop, Drop, Cover and Roll

  • If clothes catch fire: STOP, DROP AND ROLL to smother flames while covering your face with your hands.
  • To help someone else, throw a woollen blanket over them if they catch alight.

 

If there’s smoke get down low and go, go, go

  • In a fire the safest area for breathing is near the floor where the air is cooler and cleaner.
  • Get down low and crawl to safety.

 

Know basic first aid

  • Clean cold water cools burns and lessens the pain.
  • Do not use butter, ice, cotton wool or ointments on burns.
  • Do not remove burnt clothing from skin.

 

Install home fire fighting extinguisher

  • Every home should have a properly maintained fire extinguisher and fire blanket.

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General Housekeeping for Fire Safety

 

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Are matches kept out of reach of children?

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Are light bulbs prevented from touching any material that could ignite?

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Do smokers dispose of ashes and used matches carefully?

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Do they ever smoke in bed?

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Do you regularly clean the lint filter of your clothes dryer?

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Are flammable liquids stored in proper containers away from heat?

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Do you remove old rags, newspapers, and other household rubbish that could feed a fire?

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Do you always have electrical repairs or renovations done by a qualified electrician?

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Are the cords to appliances kept in good repair and not placed under rugs or through doorways?

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Do you ensure that power points are not overloaded?

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Is your electric blanket switched off before you get into bed?

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Are all electrical appliances operated with enough space around them to prevent overheating?

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Are all electrical appliances unplugged after use?

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Do you always place a screen in front of an open fire in your home?

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Is the heating equipment in your home properly installed? Are flues and filters cleaned and checked for leaks?

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Are heating appliances kept away from combustible items such as curtains and laundry?

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In Case of Fire

 

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000

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Is your house number clearly visible from the street so that emergency vehicles can find you?

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Have you practiced a fire escape plan?

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Do all members of your family know to STOP, COVER, DROP and ROLL if clothing catches fires?

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Do you keep keys to deadlocks ready for an emergency?

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Do you have a smoke detector(s) installed in your home? Are they checked monthly?

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Do you have a fire extinguisher in your home?

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Does your garden hose reach all points of the house?

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Smoke Alarms

 

Smoke alarms are required to be installed in new homes, and in many house additions.

There are three main types of domestic smoke alarms:

 

  1. Alarms powered by a 9 Volt battery.
  1. Alarms powered by connection to your household mains power supply, usually with a 9 Volt battery back up power supply.
  1. Alarms powered by a 10 year life non-replaceable, non-removable, permanently connected battery.

 

What type of smoke alarm do I need?

The type of smoke alarms you need depends on when you first owned your home.

  • Homes owned before 1 February 1998 Replaceable battery powered.
  • Home purchased on or after 1 February 1998 (to be fitted within 6 months of date of purchase) 240 Volt mains powered or 10 year non-replaceable, non-removable permanently connected battery.
  • Home built on or after 1 January 2000 240 Volt mains powered.

 

Where can I buy one?

  • Department stores
  • Hardware stores
  • Electrical Stores
  • Security Companies
  • Fire Protection Companies

 

Where do they go?

Smoke alarms must be located to warn you of a fire when you are asleep so you can escape.

Depending on the layout of your home, it may be necessary to have more than one smoke alarm to provide sufficient warning.

Smoke alarms are very sensitive and may detect smoke and moisture caused by household activities such as burnt toast or steam from a bathroom. To prevent false alarms, it is recommended that smoke alarms are not located near cooking appliances, in bathrooms or other damp or humid areas, or near hot water heaters, space heaters or fire places.

 

Where do I position the smoke alarms?

They should be positioned:

  • Centrally in a passage.
  • No closer than 50cm and no further than 150cm from the apex if your ceiling is sloping.
  • On the ceiling at the head of the stairs to the top of the storey.
 

A minimum distance of:

  • 30cm from a wall/ceiling junction.
  • 100cm from a fluorescent light.
  • 30cm from other lights.
  • 100cm from ceiling fans or air-conditioning vents.

 

What should I do once the smoke alarm is installed?

  • Test the smoke alarms at least once a month (use a broom handle to push the button to test the audible alarm).
  • Unclip the alarm from its base every six months and vacuum the works.
  • Replace the battery once a year or if a low power warning is emitted. All smoke alarms carry instructions from the manufacturer for testing procedures.

 

Other requirements

Special types of alarms are available and must be considered for specific needs, for example, people with a hearing impairment, where detection is required in cooking areas etc.

For smoke alarms to be effective they must be adequately maintained in accordance with the manufacturers recommendations, including cleaning, regular testing, and replacement of batteries.

The legislation applies to all homes including dwellings, home units, townhouses, flats etc.

The owner of a rental property is responsible for ensuring that smoke alarms are installed.

 

What if I do not install one?

There is a maximum fine of $750 for not installing smoke alarms, but the real penalty may be your life or the life of a member of your family.